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The Elements Of Style
Alex Jerriperiod 410/9/98 The Main Points of The Elements of StyleStyle is often viewed as an abstract component of writing, the presence of which can determine the quality of a piece of literature. While many works have been devoted to explaining style, The Elements of Style helps the reader to de

The Japanese Quince
A.P. English The Japanese Quince In The Japanese Quince written by John Galsworthy, the actions of Mr. Nilson, a well-known and wealthy businessman, comprise the plot. The story fundamentally describes Mr. Nilson s stroll through Square Gardens, which leads to a realization that he lacks spon

 The cloning of animals will be beneficial to human beings inthe near future. Experiments in cloning animals started in theearly nine-teen-fifties. Over the next forty years, scientistswere only able to clone animals from very young embryonic cells. When these scientists tried to use older cells for cloning, theydid not get normal results. This led many scientists to believethat animals could not be cloned from adult cells. (Pennisi, 1997) However, this all changed in the Summer of 1995 with the birth oftwo lambs, Megan and Morag, at the Roslin Institute in Scotland. The birth of these two lambs led to one of the most astoundingbreakthroughs in scientific history, the birth of a lamb namedDolly. Megan and Morag were two lambs carried to term by a surrogatemother. However, Megan and Morag were not produced by normalbiological methods. Their genetic code came from the cells of anine-day-year old embryo. Thus, Megan and Morag were geneticcopies, or clones of this embryo. The key to this cloning was aprocess called nuclear transfer. This process requires the use oftwo cells, the donor cell and the recipient cell. The recipientcell is usually an unfertilized egg. Researchers at the RoslinInstitute used microscopic instruments, like a micro pipette, toextract all of the chromosomes from the recipient cell. Therecipient cell was then fused to the donor cell and placed into thesurrogate mother. The birth of Megan and Morag was a tremendousbreakthrough because these scientists proved that older cells couldbe genetically reprogrammed to act like cells in an early embryonicstage. (Wilmut, 1998) The research that went into the development of Megan and Morageventually led to the birth of the first mammal cloned from anadult mammal. To accomplish this, the research team at the Roslininstitute used cells removed from a six-year-old ewe s udder. These cells were then deprived of any nutrition, which forced thegenes to become inactive. The researchers did this because theywanted the cell-cycle stage of the recipient to be the same as thedonor s cell-cycle stage. The researchers then performed thenuclear transfer and tried to stimulate the inactivated genes tostart to develop into a new lamb. Only one out of two-hundred and

seventy-seven eggs produced a healthy lamb, which was named Dolly. The difference between...