Child Labor Term paper
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Child Labor
Child labor refers to the economic active population under the age of 15 years employed in various industries (Grootaert, 2). According to the Microsoft Encarta, child labor is now used to denote the employment of minors in work that may interfere with their education or endanger their health (IPEC, 1). Child labor has grown to be a topic of widespread debate. It has many favorable and unfavorable points of view. In any case, child labor should be eradicated as it is harmful to the health of the children, it is an obstacle to their education, and it denies them a happy childhood.
Child labor is common in agriculture, domestic service, the sex industry, the carpet and textile industries, quarrying and brick making in countries in Asia and Africa (IPEC, 1). Employers in these industries buy children from their debtors or through the labor contractors (1). Sometimes children work to help pay off a loan incurred by the family (Grootaert, 2; IPEC, 1). In some cases the parents give their children to outsiders to work without pay in exchange for better living conditions in wealthy houses (IPEC, 1). Child labor also results from the system of apprenticeship, in which a child is sent to work to learn a trade. But actually they work more than they learn (Grootaert, 5).
Child labor has hostile consequences on the health of the children (Parker, 1). Children work in conditions that may endanger their health such as in stone quarries, tanning leather, and electroplating metals. They work without any protective clothing or equipment (1). Children in different occupations face different fatal diseases. Children employed in stone cutting, brick factories, granite quarries and slate factories face the risk of silicosis caused from exposure to silica (1). Tuberculosis is another disease faced by children in pottery related industries (1). These children also suffer from malnutrition due to their poor living conditions.
Child laborers work for most of the time. In some cases they work for 16 hours a day (Child labor, 1). This deprives the child from time to seek education, which is essential for the overall development and future progress of the child. Some children are bound by their employers as slaves and have to work all the time. In some cases the poverty of the household and low level of parental education are responsible for child labor (Grootaert, 3). The value of education is less important to the parents than the income the child earns for them. In the present money-oriented environment, the parents consider putting their child to work a better education method than schooling as work assures survival and better future prospects (3). This is due to the failure of many graduates to get a job, which is evident from the high level of unemployment existing among them. Kemmer Agiobou quotes, “Education broadens your mind but it does not teach you how to survive.”(3)
Children working as child laborers are denied a happy childhood. Numerous children in countries of Asia and Africa have to work throughout the day for money or for a monetary obligation of their parents (IPEC, 1). Young boys are put into agriculture and other activities as soon they are old enough to perform the tasks (Grootaert, 3). Girls are made to do household and domestic work as soon as they learn to do them (3). This leaves the child with little or no time for recreation. These children do not get time to play with other children of the same age group. Their friends are children they work with and not whom they play with. They even have little time to seek the love and affection of their parents. On the other hand, these children share the burden of financial responsibility with their parents. They face various health problems in their childhood. These children have to suffer physical and mental job stress at a very young age (2). Malnutrition is widespread among child laborers. They also receive less or no education compared to their rich counterparts. They are made to do menial and low level jobs that hurt their self-esteem at...
“Child labor,”Microsoft Encarta, 1993: 1-5. Grootaert, Christiian. “Child Labor: an economic perspective.” International Labour Review 136, 1995: 1-13.
Henderson, David R. “The case for sweatshops.” Fortune 134, 1996: 1-2.
IPEC fact sheets. “Child slavery and forced labor,” Microsoft Internet Explorer, Jan 1997: 1.
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