Sexual Deviances Essay

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Sexual disorders are categorized into three general groups. The

groups are sexual dysfunctions, sexual deviations, and

homosexuality. These are not necessary abnormal, but what is

considered out of the norm by either the mental health

establishment, or society, or both.

The first group, sexual dysfunctions, have increased

significantly over the last decade. Which, in turn, has

increased the progress in the study and treatment of sexual

dysfunctions. One important aspect that came out of William

masters and Virginia Johnson’s research is classifying the

various forms of dysfunctions. Closely related is Kaplan’s

system which groups sexual dysfunctions according to the phase in

the sexual response cycle in which they occur.

There are three phases in the sexual response cycle. The

first one, called the desire phase, involves sexual fantasies and

interest in sexual activity. Failure to feel this in either a

man or woman is called hypoactive sexual desire. The second

phase is called the excitement phase. In this phase, the sexual

fantasy, or encounter is usually followed by physiological

changes. The absence or weakness of these responses is called

erectile dysfunction (or impotence) in men, and general sexual

dysfunction in women. The third phase is called the orgasm

phase. This is the phase of sexual response. If the man is

unable to exert control, and ejaculates very quickly, this is

called premature ejaculation. If, on the other hand, ejaculation

is greatly delayed, or does not happen at all, this is called

retarded ejaculation. A delay or absence of orgasm in women is

called orgastic dysfunction.

There are two more types of sexual dysfunction that do not

fit completely with this typology. The first is a female

disorder called vaginisimus. This occurs when, during coitus,

the walls of the vagina contract involuntarily, making insertion

of the penis difficult or impossible. The second disorder is

dyspareunia, or pain during intercourse. This occurs in both

sexes, but is usually a female complaint.

To make these types even more specific, Kaplan subdivides

these disorders into two dimensions. They are primary and

secondary. Primary dysfunction has been with the individual as

far back as their earliest sexual experiences. In a secondary

dysfunction the response has been normal on at least one

occasion, but is abnormal at the time of diagnosis.

Sexual inadequacy is a common fear among men and women

alike. Many psychologists state that this fear is almost always

present in cases of individuals growing up of strict religious

orthodoxy households, and that were taught that sex is sinful and

repulsive.

“One woman seen by Masters and Johnson was told by her

mother on her wedding day: It would be her duty as a wife to

allow her husband “privileges”. The privileges were never

spelled out. She also was assured that she would be hurt by her

husband, but that “it” would go away in time. Finally and most

important, she was told that “good women” never expressed

interest in the “thing”. Her reward for serving her husband

would be, hopefully, in having children.”(Acocella 266)

Sexual deviations, which are now spoken of casually, were

talked about in whispers no more than twenty-five years ago.

There are ten different areas of sexual deviations. These ten

are: fetishism, transvestitism, exhibitionism, voyeurism,

pedophilia, incest, rape, sadism, and masochism.

Fetishism is the strong sexual attraction to inanimate

objects. The most common objects of fetishism are women’s shoes,

underpants, wigs, and fur. One case was cited about a man being

sexual gratified by the sight of well-formed automobile exhaust

pipes. Virtually all of the reported cases of fetishism involve

males. This does not necessarily mean that there are not any

cases involving females, but, it just means that females are much

less likely to be arrested, or even reported, than males. A

woman with obvious sexual quirks or abnormalities may attract

attention or scorn, but most people do not consider her

dangerous. Males, on the other hand, with this behavior, tend to

be viewed as a public menace.

Transvestites are similar to fetishists in that they are

sexually excited by inanimate objects. But, transvestites go one

step further, and actually put on their fetishes, which are the

clothes of the opposite sex. Because of the association with

female clothing, transvestitism is easily confused with

homosexuality, but they are two quite separate patterns. Some

homosexuals do cross-dress, but these individuals are referred to

as ‘drag queens’. “..according to one study of 262 transvestites

(Buckner, 1970), the cast majority of transvestites think of

themselves as heterosexuals.”(Acocella 273) Transvestitism is

thought to be relatively rare, but as with female sexual

aberrations, the reported rarity may be due to lack of public

exposure of public alarm. Many transvestites lead quiet,

conventional lives, cross-dressing in their own homes.

Unlike transvestites, transsexuals-most of whom, again, are

males-believe that they truly do belong to the opposite sex.

They consider their gender an ugly mistake. Cross-dressing on a

regular basis, they do not feel the sexual arousal transvestites

feel, but they feel relaxed. There have been few reported cases

of transsexual “cures”-that is, of transsexuals reoriented into

their biological gender, usually by changing their behavioral

techniques.

Exhibitionism and voyeurism are the two sex offenses most

often reported to the police. And, while both cases have victims

involved, exhibitionists and voyeurs are rarely dangerous.

Despite this fact, they are almost always dealt with very harshly

in court on the assumption that if their case is tried “lightly”,

they will go on to more serious crimes, such as rape. However,

they are extremely likely to do so.

In the most typical of exhibition cases, there is usually a

young male, probably in an unhappy marriage. He experiences an

irresistible impulse to exhibit himself, and goes to a public

place, such as a city park, or department store, and finds an

appropriate victim-most likely a young woman or girl-and shows

her his penis. The exhibitionist’s gratification comes from the

woman’s response,...

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