The Struggle For Taiwan Term paper
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The Struggle for Taiwan
Who is the legal governing body of Taiwan? A question, which has embattled two nations and almost brought the United States into war several times. Few other international situations combine the passion and possibility for disaster that this does. With the United States bound by its promise to protect Taiwan from invasion, and the Chinese govt. steadily increasing its rhetoric for Taiwan’s reunification with the mainland, we have on this small island the stage for a possible super power confrontation. The likes of which we avoided for 50 years with the Soviet Union. How has this island brought us to the possibility of war? It all began roughly 50 years ago.
World War II and its aftermath was a trying time for the people of China. After having waged war against the Japanese for a decade, and dealing with its own communist uprising, the country was extremely weakened. Immediately following WWII the island of Taiwan, a former province of China, was turned over to Chinese control, from the Japanese, in accordance with the Potsdam conference of 1945. During this time however the communist forces were continuing their civil war and by 1949 gained complete control of China. The nationalist govt. and the remnants of its army lead by Chiang Ki-shek fled to Taiwan and reestablished their govt., which still claimed governance over Mainland China. Following several invasion attempts by the Chinese in the 1950’s the United States entered into a mutual security treaty with Taiwan in 1955 pledging to help in defending the island from attack by China. For years after the United States continued to recognize the Republic of China based in Taiwan as the governing body of Mainland China. However by 1971 the ROC lost its seat in the United Nations to the Beijing based government known as the Peoples Republic of China. Following this was the United States official recognition of the PRC in 1979 and the exclusion of the ROC from the International Monetary Fund and World Bank in 1980. During this Taiwan was dominated by the Kuomintang (KMT) govt., which still wished for a reunification of China. All of this came to a halt in the 1990’s.
Following the eruption of Taiwan’s economy China again turned its eye towards the island. In 1993 the PRC released a document titled “The Taiwan Question and the Reunification of China.” In it China stated its intent and ambition to annex Taiwan and strive for a “coexistence of two systems” in “one China”. The KMT continued its pledge that the communist regime in China cannot legitimately represent the Chinese people. It became obvious that, with Chinas hard-line stance that Taiwan MUST be reunified and Taiwan’s stance against this, compromise and even peace might not be possible....
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