Dietary And Activity Habits Essay

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Abstract

Dietary and activity habits were self evaluated over three days (one week day and a weekend). Analysis of 3-day diet records showed mean daily energy and carbohydrate intake to be insufficient to support estimated requirements. Mean intakes of vitamins and most minerals exceeded the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) except Retinol Eq. which was *66% of RDA,Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, Folate, Iron, and Phosphorous were *300% of the RDA.Introduction

There is a natural linkage between nutrition and ex-ercise physiology. Proper nutrition forms the foun-dation for physical performance. (McArdle, Katch & Katch, 1996)

For individuals in competitive sports, diet plays an important role in supporting the effects of regular training for strength and endurance. (Khoo et al. 87)

Diet significantly influences athletic performance. An adequate diet, in terms of quantity and quality, before, during and after training and compe-tition will maximize performance. In the optimum diet for most sports, carbohydrate is likely to contribute about 60-70% of total energy intake and protein about 12%, with the remainder coming from fat.

The realization that the performance of muscular exercise is influenced by the preceding diet is not new. Christensen and Hansen (1939) showed that endurance capacity in prolonged work was enhanced if a diet high in carbohydrate was consumed in the days prior to exercise, and was reduced by consumption of a low carbohydrate diet. (Maughan et al., 1996)

Diet composition and the performance of high-intensity Vitamin supplements are not necessary for athletes eating an adequate diet in respect of quality and quantity. Of the minerals and elements essential for health, particular attention should be paid to iron and calcium status in those individuals who may be at risk.

There is no good evidence to support the use of other nutritional supplements, including those commonly assumed by athletes to have ergogenic effects.

Methods

Dietary and activity habits were self evaluated for one week day and one weekend.

The observations were made throughout each day. All foods consumed and activity partaken was recorded onto a diet and activity chart.

The data was then entered into the DietMaster program and processed.

The results were given in the form of a client summary report, RNI breakdown report, percentage of energy DRV report, and energy breakdown report which was then printed and analysed.

Williams & Devlin (1992)

Discussion

Analysis of 3-day diet records showed mean daily energy and carbohydrate intake to be insufficient to support estimated requirements which indicates undernutrition.

Undernutrition is a condition in which there is not enough food energy as measured in calories or kilojoules. This usually means that not enough total food is consumed. The main characteristics are loss of body weight and wasting of body fat and later muscle.

This result is inaccurate and may be due to inadequate measurements of food weight and overemphasize of activity data entered into the diet master program.

Carbohydrate intake was slightly less than desired and a greater percent was derived from sugars than considered necessary. This was probably due to the exceeding amount of alcohol consumed. (Microsoft Encarta 2000, 1993-1999)

Ethyl alcohol is the only drug that provides calories, although meals of nonalcoholic foods have a gentle sedative effect. The acute effects of a large intake of alcohol are well known. The many complications of chronically high intakes of alcohol include gastric ulcer, pancreatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, convulsions, delirium tremens,

hypertension, several varieties of malnutrition. (Multimedia Encyclopaedia

Britannica, 1994-1998)

Mean intakes of vitamins and most minerals exceeded the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) except Retinol Eq.

Malnutrition covers at least 25 different deficiency diseases...

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