Term paper on Effects Of Depth And Sediment Concentration On The Penetration Of Photosynthetically
Effects Of Depth And Sediment Concentration On The Penetration Of Photosynthetically Essays
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Effects of Depth and Sediment Concentration on the Penetration of Photosynthetically
Active Radiation in Water
Introduction The purpose of this study plan is to measure the effects of light on sedimentary particles in water. This study plan will include information pertaining to equipment, procedures, and analysis. This plan will also discuss problems that could arise during the sampling.
Objectives The objective of this study is to observe whether sedimentary accumulation at various depths will effect the penetration of light energy. One reason for monitoring light penetration is to determine if sufficient energy is available for photosynthesis. This energy is effected by the amount of sedimentation that is suspended in the water. In order to ensure the data's scientific validity this study needs to include the main principles. These include selecting a control; a control will be the measurement that all other data is compared to. Second, the selection of the sample sites must be non-bias and random. This ensures that the experiments are not predictable or foreseeable. Finally the experiments must be described in great detail so that they can be replicated at a later date.
Literature Energy is distributed throughout the world’s oceans in several usable forms. The heat transmitted during absorption is responsible for ocean waves, temperature and currents. Light penetration in water will measure in units of quanta. This measurement refers to the amount of sunlight that penetrates the water at various depths. The light energy is absorbed and scattered by suspended particles, dissolved substances, and the water itself (USGS). Other factors include attenuation coefficient: rate at which light decreases with depth. This means that each site studied may have a different attenuation coefficient. An example of a high coefficient would indicate a rapid decrease in light penetration, therefore, high sedimentation. Another factor to be aware of is the color of the water. Color can effect the light penetration and intensity. Also the turbidity which is a measure of water clarity and how much material is suspended in the water. Suspended material could include soil particles, algae, plankton, microbes, and other substances (EPA). The sources of the turbidity could include erosion, waste, runoff, and bottom feeders (EPA).
Equipment The instruments used to make photosynthetic measurements is called a Li-Cor Quantum/Radiometer/Photometer model #189. The sensory device is connected by a long cord and is used to measure at depth. It’s called an underwater PAR sensor; Li-Cor #1925. This sensing device or photocell can also be used to measure surface PAR. Other devices to be used during the data sampling include lowering frame Li-Cor #20095, various weights and cables. The cables and weights will used to hold the sensors in the water column at the proper depths. Another instrument could be used to calculate the amount of PAR that is received at the surface. This instrument is called a pryanometer. It is not a requirement to use two different instruments for surface PAR, but just a suggestion that might give more scientific validity to the data being collected.
Procedure While conducting this experiment it is necessary to have at least two people present to take the measurements. One person will lower the sensor in the selected site locations. The other person will record the PAR measurements from...
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