Global Economy And The Environment Term paper

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Global Economy and the Environment

As the global economy gets integrated, national or local corporations

will gradually transform in to a multinational corporation (MNC). When this

type of development occurs, the host countries are usually the ones that become

the immediate stake holders. This is because when a MNC sets its foot into a

host country, there are economic, political, social and environmental impacts

that result from their corporate actions. In many cases, it is certainly

possible that it can end up in a win-win situation, if the host country and the

MNCUs both work mutually. However there have been unfortunate examples, where

this has not been the case.

In general, international agreements have its advantages, due to the

fact that we can harmonize international standards. Therefore environmental

concern is one of the key issues that the policy makers and MNCUs should set a

high priority on. This is because growth and development is strongly correlated

with environmental degradation. Furthermore, it is fair to say that the MNCUs

are more likely to have a more harmful environmental impact from growth and

development, as opposed to the local corporations. This is because MNCUs may

not be as knowledgeable as local corporations in resource utilization and land

management. This also refers to the notion of Rthe locals know their land

better than anybody elseS. The tropical rain forest of Brazil is a good example

of this. The RindigenousS or the local people have a good understanding of how

to extract and utilize its resources in a very sustainable manner. However when

a multinational timber company comes into Brazil, result of their actions will

probably be more harmful, due to the fact that they are not complying to the

RtraditionalS methods.

Another important aspect is the fact that in any international trade

agreement, a MNC is most likely going to shift their production to a lesser

developed country. This is because LDCUs are a good target for cheap labor and

low start-up costs. In Robert PastorUs essay, he mentions the term

maquiladoras; Rcheaper labor that allows them (Mexicans) to assemble parts,

import from the U.S. and then reexport the assembled productsS. In places such

as the maquiladoras, safety standards are not as rigid and this puts the local

workers in a serious health risk. The Rblack lungS case is an example where

miners in Latin America contracted respiratory diseases from working at unsafely

regulated coal mines. Since it was in a lesser developed country, occupational

health standards were lower than the usual. The Union Carbide incident from

Bhopal, India is another example, where the explosion took place due to lack of

safety and precautionary measures. Many experts have commented that the Union

Carbide incident could have been completely avoided, if the plant was located

elsewhere, in a more developed country, where they have more strict standards.

So there is...

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