Global Warming Essay

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Global Warming

The greenhouse effect, in environmental science, is a popular term for

the effect that certain variable constituents of the Earth's lower atmosphere

have on surface temperatures. It has been known since 1896 that Earth has been

warmed by a blanket of gasses (This is called the “greenhouse effect.”). The

gases--water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4)--keep ground

temperatures at a global average of about 15 degrees C (60 degrees F). Without

them the average would be below the freezing point of water. The gases have

this effect because as incoming solar radiation strikes the surface, the surface

gives off infrared radiation, or heat, that the gases trap and keep near ground

level. The effect is comparable to the way in which a greenhouse traps heat,

hence the term. Environmental scientists are concerned that changes in the

variable contents of the atmosphere--particularly changes caused by human

activities--could cause the Earth's surface to warm up to a dangerous degree.

Since 1850 there has been a mean rise in global temperature of approximately 1°

C (approximately 1.8° F). Even a limited rise in average surface temperature

might lead to at least partial melting of the polar icecaps and hence a major

rise in sea level, along with other severe environmental disturbances. An

example of a runaway greenhouse effect is Earth's near-twin planetary neighbor

Venus. Because of Venus's thick CO2 atmosphere, the planet's cloud-covered

surface is hot enough to melt lead.

Water vapor is an important "greenhouse" gas. It is a major reason why

humid regions experience less cooling at night than do dry regions,. However,

variations in the atmosphere's CO2 content are what have played a major role in

past climatic changes. In recent decades there has been...

Bilger, B., Global Warming (1992)

Bolin, Bert, et al., The Greenhouse Effect, Climatic Change and Ecosystems
(1986)

Bright, M., The Greenhouse Effect (1991)

Fisher, David E., Fire and Ice: The Greenhouse Effect, Ozone Depletion, and
Nuclear Winter (1990)

Houghton, J., et al., eds., Climate Change: The IPCC Scientific Assessment
(1990)

Monastersky, Richard, "Time for Action," Science News, Mar. 30, 1991

Moss, M., and Rahman, S., Climate and Man's Environment (1986)

Schneider, S. H., Global Warming (1989)

Seitz, F., Scientific Perspectives on the Greenhouse Problem (1990)

Shands, W. E., and Hoffmann, J. S., The Greenhouse Effect, Climatic Change, and
U. S. Forests (1987)

Stone, P., "Forecast Cloudy," Technology Review, Feb./Mar. 1992

Weiner, Jonathan, The Next One Hundred Years: Shaping the Fate of Our Living
Earth (1990)

Wuebbles, D., Primer on Greenhouse Gases (1991). You should cite this paper as follows:

MLA Style
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