Pschological Disorders Term paper
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Table of contents
1. Memory Mechanism Found At Nerve Cell Connections In The Brain
Source: Science Daily
Date published: May 19, 2000
2. Drug Psychotherapy Combo Found Highly Effective in Depression Study
Source: Science Daily
Date published: May 24, 2000
3. Suckling Behavior of Newborn Rats Can Be Manipulated Through Use of Scents,
New Research Shows
Source: Science Daily
Date published: May 29, 2000
4. Study Opens Doors to Significant Changes in Medications for Schizophrenia
Source: Science Daily
Date published: June 16, 2000
5. New Scientific Theory May Change How Treatments for Inherited
Neurodegenerative Disease Are Developed
Source: Science Daily
Date published: July 13, 2000
6. Compound That Switches Off Appetite in Mice Discovered by Hopkins Scientists
Source: Science Daily
Date published: June 30, 2000
7. Canadian Scientists Find More Homosexuals Left-handed
Source: Science Daily
Date published: July 10, 2000
8. Brain Study Sheds Light On Impulsive Violence
Source: Science Daily
Date published: August 15, 2000
9. “Strikingly Similar” Protein May Be In Alzheimer’s And Mad Cow Disease
Source: Science Daily
Date published: August 24, 2000
10. Jefferson Scientists Hope to Perfect Gene Therapy without Viruses
Source: Science Daily
Date published: August 28, 2000
“Memory Mechanism Found at Nerve Cell Connections in the Brain” is one of the ten articles I found that related to psychology. The article talks about how scientists identified a novel mechanism behind the decrease in strength of synapses in the brain and they believe the process leads to the creation of memories and their long-term storage. Sensory-driven experiences cause changes in memory and synapses. Rats were used to conduct the study. Lead investigator, Kimberly Huber implies that individual synapses can be regulated by activity in the mammalian brain. The researchers used tissue from the hippocampus area of the brain, separating the synapses from their cell bodies. Researchers then introduced specific inhibitors of the protein synthetic machinery directly to the synapses. Because the synaptic depression was blocked, more evidence that the proteins are made at the synapse is provided.
This article has a lot to do with motivation and emotion. The hippocampus is a structure of the limbic system that plays a role in the formation of long-term memories. The main area that the researchers used in the experiment is the hippocampus region. The connections in the brain facilitate long-term memory storage. That is why the brain is considered the chief pathway to the body.
“Drug-psychotherapy Combo Found Highly Effective in Depression Study” explains that a combination of the antidepressant Serzone and psychotherapy aimed exactly for chronic depression provides the best treatment for patients with chronic forms of major depression. 681 patients were used in the study. The study is the largest ever taken of medication alone, psychotherapy alone, and a combination of the two, to treat chronic forms of major depression. Approximately 14 million Americans suffer from chronic forms of depression. More than 46 million Americans, ages 15 to 54, suffer from depressive explosions annually. The study took place at a many different psychiatric clinics nationwide. The patients were randomly picked to receive either Serzone twice daily, 16 to 20 sessions of Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy, or a combination of both over a twelve-week period. During that time frame the combination of Serzone and psychotherapy yielded an 85 percent response rate. Serzone alone yielded a 55 percent rate of response. Psychotherapy yielded a 52 percent response rate. While Serzone is currently used to treat depression, it is not classified for use in treating chronic illnesses. Frequent side effects such as sexual dysfunction and weight gain were not experienced with Serzone. The results found in the study were similar to those found in previous studies of antidepressants.
This article talks about different types of psychotherapy and the effects. In the study the researchers used an efficacy study, a study that applies basic methods of experimentation to find out whether a specific form of therapy produces beneficial outcomes for the persons who undergo it. Psychotherapy is a big issue in psychology today.
“Suckling Behavior of Newborn Rats Can Be Manipulated Through Use of Scents, New Research shows” shows how important it is for newborn mammals to learn when to suckle. Psychologist Norman E. Spear and colleagues discovered that newborn rat pups exposed to the pairing of lemon odor and milk suckled on an imitation nipple 80 percent of a ten-minute period. On the contrary three control groups of rat pups suckled only 20 percent of the period. This conclusion indicates that learning as related to suckling behavior is so strong in newborn rats that they can be altered to suckle on an empty imitation nipple. Dr. Spear concludes that the newborn rats match the lemon scent and milk equal with the one- minute intervals because milk is an important source of nutrition for newborns and odor is an important signal for it in inborn circumstances. Another conclusion made was dealing with the fact that the rats are so young; therefore the sensory driven experiences for milk comes natural because the milk has not had anything to compete with.
This article deals with the topic of learning. Learning is a key process in human behavior. Learning can also play a role in virtually every activity we perform. Classical conditioning is exercised in this particular study. Classical conditioning is a basic form of learning in which one stimulus comes to serve as a signal for the occurrence of a second stimulus. During classical conditioning, organisms acquire information about the relations between various stimuli, not simple associations between them.
“Study Opens Doors to Significant Changes in Medications for Schizophrenia” is a study conducted by researchers at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and the University of Toronto. It was believed that in order for anti-psychotic medications to be effective, they needed to be present in the brain. According to Dr. Robert Zipursky, this study changes our understanding of how these drugs need to work. It is believed that anti-psychotic drugs work by binding themselves to a dopamine D2 receptors in the brain. In this most recent study, the researchers found that when evaluated 2 to 3 hours after the last dose of new anti-psychotic medication, approximately 60 percent of the D2...
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