Antimicrobial Experiment Essay
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Abstract: Yeasts are single-celled fungi that can grow in the presence or absence of air. Examining a yeast cell under a microscope will give a greater understanding of the composition and nature of yeast. A hemocytometer device was used for determining the number of cells per unit volume. To measure the effect of yeast and glucose on a gas production, O2 was removed by drawing yeast into a pipet. In the first experiment the flat part between 0-3hrs is the “Lag” Phase, the steeply ascending part is the “Log” Phase, and the top around 22 hours is the “Stationary” Phase shows that the cells continued to grow even when the antimicrobial was introduced. For the second half of the experiment the tubes without the antimicrobial showed a little gas production followed by a stationary state, and the tube with the antimicrobial showed a continual growth in gas formation ─ Kool-Aid kills off yeast and doesn’t allow for fermentation to take place.
Introduction: Yeast is a tiny form of fungi or plant-like microorganism that exists in or on all living matter (“Earthlink”). Cell separation, budding, is done when the cell core migrates to the cell wall of the yeast cell. It splits up and forms a daughter cell. The daughter cell multiplies in the same way while it is still growing and tied to the mother cell. A colony develops. The multiplication process continues for as long as the conditions for multiplication are present (“Earthlink”). An antimicrobial is a substance that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, or fungi (“Wikipedia”). In this experiment we used the Kool-Aid antimicrobial to stop the production of new yeast cells. An antimicrobial might inhibit a microorganism’s ability to turn glucose into energy, or its ability to construct its cell wall. When this happens, the cell dies instead of reproducing (Smith).
For our first experiment a hemocytometer is used to determine the number of cells per unit volume (cells / mL). We counted the cell concentration of yeast at four different stages (0 hour, 3 hour, 15 hours, and 22 hours). The more yeast cells present, the less of an affect the antimicrobial has on the cells. In the second part of the experiment ─ aerobic respiration (fermentation), we measured the formation of a gas (CO2) as an indication of how much fermentation took place. The more Kool-Aid present the less of a reaction is to take place because the antimicrobial chemicals interfere with the fermentation process to reduce the overall formation of a gas.
Materials & Methods: The sterile technique method was used to introduce the antimicrobial at different stages of yeast cells growth ─ hour zero, hour 3, hour 15 and an hour 22. Using the bench top flame sterilization experiment, 25 mL of media and 1/3 mL of yeast was added to a 300 mL Erlenmeyer flask. For time zero, 1 standard package of cheery Kool-Aid was mixed with 75 mL H2O which was then added to the yeast mixture. Three hours into the experiment, cheery Kool-Aid was added again. 15 to 22 hours into the experiment the same procedure was repeated. A sample was then drawn from each of the four samples. To prepare the counting chamber the cover slip was placed over the counting surface...
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