Quantim Theory Term paper

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Quantim Mechanics is abranch of mathematical physics that deals with the

emission and absorption of energy by matter and with the motion of material

particles. Because it holds that energy and matter exist in tiny, discrete

amounts, quantum mechanics is particularly applicable to Elamentry Pprticlesand

the interactions between them. According to the older theories of classical

physics, energy is treated solely as a continuous phenomenon and matter is

assumed to occupy a very specific region of space and to move in a continuous

manner. According to the quantum theory, energy is emitted and absorbed in a

small packet, called a quantum (pl. quanta), which in some situations behaves as

particles of matter do; particles exhibit certain wavelike properties when in

motion and are no longer viewed as localized in a given region but as spread out

to some degree. The quantum theory thus proposes a dual nature for both waves

and particles, with one aspect predominating in some situations and the other

predominating in other situations. Quantum mechanics is needed to explain many

properties of matter, such as the temperature dependence of the specific heat of

solids, as well as when very small quantities of matter or energy are involved,

as in the interaction of elementary particles and fields, but the theory of

Relativity assumes importance in the special situation where very large speeds

are involved. Together they form the theoretical basis of modern physics. (The

results of classical physics approximate those of quantum mechanics for large

scale events and those of relativity when ordinary speeds are involved.) Quantum

theory was developed principally over a period of thirty years. The first

contribution was the explanation of blackbody radiation in 1900 by Max Planck,

who proposed that the energies of any harmonic oscillator, such as the atoms of

a blackbody radiator, are restricted to certain values, each of which is an

integral (whole number) multiple of a basic minimum value. Over the years there

has been a number of models that were supposed to have been atomicly correct.

Right now we are currently useing the Schrodinger model to show the atomic

structure of an atom. There also was other models of the atomic structure of an

atom but they were wrong. They were wrong because at those times there was not

enough tecknoladgy around to ptove other wise. The names of the major noted

scientists that had made a model of the atomic structure of an atom, are Bohr,

Rutherford, Thompsom, and Schrodinger. The current atomic theory is that

Schrodinger and the other scientists abandoned the idea of precise orbits, and

replaced it with a discription regions called orbitals. We have been useing that

same theory for almost eighty years now and it looks like we are not going to

change it still. Shrodinger's modelwas basically a cloud of sub atomic particles

in orbit around a nucleus. The electrons moved in orbit around the nucleus but

also moved in tiny orbitals. These orbitals are revolutions around possibly

another subatomic particle while in orbit around the nucleus which is holding

protons, neutrons, and other...

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