Population Growth Problem Term paper
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The growth of the world’s population is a problem that many people see as
being addressed at some point in the future. While we live in a country that is
reaping the benefits of a superpower, most of the United States is disconnected
from the problems of population growth. In this paper, I intend to address three
major issues. How long will we be able to support our planets food needs? How
can we deal with population growth in the present day? And How come certain
areas tend to have larger population growth than other areas? But first in this
paper, I will see how the theories of sociologists and demographers fit into the
Earth’s population problem. THEORIES MARX 1818-1883 Karl Marx viewed a
capitalist society as an economic system that was bound to fail. In Marx’s
opinion this eminent failure was based in the design of the system. According to
Marx, In the capitalist economy there are two major groups; the bourgeoisie and
the proletariat. The bourgeoisie are those who own the means of production, have
the power. The proletariat are those that work for the bourgeoisie and are at
their mercy. At the economy develops, the gap between the bourgeoisie and the
proletariat grows wider and eventually all the capital is controlled by a small
percentage of the population and the proletariat is forced into poverty. To
someone with little or no sociological background, the above paragraph has
nothing to do with population as a social problem. But if you fit population
into Marx’s description of the capitalist system, it is more relevant than at
first glance. The best way to make this point clear is to provide two
hypothetical situations. Family X is a middle class family that is doing well
financially and they tend to have more children than if they are not making so
much money. But as the bourgeoisie gains more and more control, families like X
have their income driven down and ultimately have fewer children. Families must
have enough money, food, etc. to survive. If they don’t have these goods and
they can’t control their wages, they must control they must control an aspect
of their lives that would allow them to survive, whether or not to have
children. Family Z is an extremely wealthy family that more or less monopolizes
an aspect of their economy. As the economy progresses, family Z is able to drive
down the wages of their workers thereby increasing their profit. Since a family
like Z is only a small percent of the population, there is no worry whether or
not they have many children. So in our society, according to Marx, we have
nothing to worry about. As long as we continue with our economic trend,
population will fix itself. Now if you look at Marx’s theory on the whole, it
makes a lot of sense. MALTHUS 1766-1834 Malthus was a sociologist that was the
author of Population: the first essay. This essay is about the perfection of
mankind. Malthus describes the different stages that man has gone through and he
provides theory to control population. Malthus was sure that we can control
population if we are able to use moral restraint. If we can fight against our
natural urges to have children, it will keep population growth in check. One of
the reasons that we have to control our natural urges is that there will not be
enough food to support our population. Maltus feels this way because population
grows at a geometric rate, while food can only be grown at an arithmetic rate.
So we are in effect sealing our own fate by having children. Malthus says that
by thinking about all of the hardships that our children will have to face, we
will be motivated not to have them. So while Marz’s theory more or less
happens on it’s own, if we are to listen to Malthus some work is to needed by
us. WELD Weld is a contemporary Canadian sociologist that deals with population
problems from an aspect that can be more easily understood by people of our
time. In one article “Confronting the Population Crisis the twenty one most
commonly used arguments to confound the issue.” In this article, Weld is able
to respond to those that don’t view population as a social problem. Although I
would like to go into each of Weld’s responses, this is not a paper on her, so
I will only choose a few. Her response to argument 2 is probably the most
interesting. The argument is “Technology can make it possible to accommodate
an indefinitely expanding population.” and Weld’s response is a valid one.
Weld explains that when Paul Ehrlich wrote “The Population Bomb” about
thirty years ago, there were about one billion people living at a level above
poverty and that there were about 2.5 billion people living in poverty. But now,
after some great technological advances there are only 1.2 billion people that
are living above poverty and 4.1 billion people living in poverty. Weld opens
her response to the argument with the following sentence that sums up this
issue, “Those who have the greatest hopes for technology are those who
understand it least.” I never really though about that aspect, but Weld really
gave me a new perspective on the issue of technology. Argument 6 is another
great response by Weld. The argument is, “Those who express concern about
global population are racist” I think that many people feel this way about
efforts to control the world’s population. Perhaps people are scared of this
issue because that they fear a...
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