The History And Development Of The Inter Essay
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The Internet got started as a military communication system. Paul Baran, of the RAND Corporation (a government agency) was commissioned by the U.S. Air Force to create a network designed to remain operational after a nuclear attack so that the U.S. could maintain its comm. and control over its missiles and bombers. It was to be decentralized so that if any locations in the U.S. were attacked, the military could still have control of nuclear arms for a counter-attack. Baran's research resulted in a document that described several ways to accomplish this daunting task. His final proposal was a packet switched network.
"Packet switching is the breaking down of data into datagrams or packets that are labeled to indicate the origin and the destination of the information and the forwarding of these packets from one computer to another computer until the information arrives at its final destination computer. This was crucial to the realization of a computer network. If packets are lost at any given point, the message can be resent by the originator."
After the internet got started, Universities started getting interested in its potential and in 1969, four nodes were linked: The University of California at Los Angeles, SRI (in stanford) , University of California at Santa Barbara, and University of Utah were the first 4 schools linked. Ray Tomlinson of BBN developed the first "hot" application for this network. This was called E-mail. Essentially it allowed text messages to be sent directly from one person to another at the speed of light. As time passed, E-mail became much more robust and today we can easily send pictures, sounds, etc. with the aid of hypertext.
Information over the Internet is transmitted via packets. An advantage of packet transmission is that you can be sure the information is arriving at its final destination. The disadvantage however, is that because a packet has to travel between so many routers, it is sometimes lost and sometimes arrives at very slow speeds. That is the cause of Internet latency or lag. Because of latency problems people often get frustrated by the Internet and how slow data transfers are.
The Internet does not go down because it is based on a fishnet design. There is no central server so information can take an almost infinite path to its destination.
Internet usage has exploded in the last few years. In the early 1990's most Internet users were university students. Today, there are over 300million Internet users worldwide, many of which are residential and...
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