Enviormental Concerns The Depletion Of The Ozone Layer Essay

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Environmental Concerns:

The Ozone Layer

By David Wood

Everyday millions of people are exposed to an invisible danger. An unseen danger that can cause horrible and drastic effects. Something so horrible that without prevention could lead to a horrible future. This danger is the depleting of the Ozone Layer. As it gets thinner and thinner more and more harmful UV rays will pass into our atmosphere. These UV Rays are the leading cause in many different diseases known today, with Melanoma, Skin Disease, and Cancer being the most prominent.

The Ozone Layer is a layer of gas, which is found high in the Earth’s stratosphere. Ozone (O3) is a form of oxygen. It is a colorless gas that has a very strong odor. It exists in low concentrations in the stratosphere where it absorbs ultraviolet radiation. In the troposphere, the earth’s lowest region of the atmosphere, ozone exists naturally at extremely low quantities. But these concentrations increase when sunlight acts on various gases, such as those coming from mainly vehicle exhausts, causing ozone to then become a pollutant in the troposphere. Ozone is a highly corrosive gas and is poisonous to most organisms. At concentrations as low as 0.00001 per cent (or 10 parts per hundred million) it can irritate the membranes lining the nose, throat and airways and can trigger or excel asthma attacks.

Ozone gas forms a layer around the earth high in the stratosphere. It serves as a vital protective barrier from the sun's ultraviolet rays. In recent years, scientists have sounded alarms internationally about the depletion of the ozone layer, citing chemical pollution as the major cause.

A specific type of chemical compound called chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, are most often identified as ozone destroyers. CFCs were commonly used in everything from air conditioner coolants to the propellants in aerosol cans. Most manufacturers are now using substitutes for CFCs.

Many scientists believe that unless steps are taken to protect the ozone layer there will be increased levels of ultraviolet radiation. With the increase in radiation there may also be an increase in human health hazards. The added exposure to sunlight may result in an increase in the incidence of skin cancer and eye damage. Some studies have suggested that plant life may also be affected, reducing world food supplies.

There have been many international initiatives to protect the ozone layer. One of these initiatives came in the form of The Montreal Protocol, which was signed by many countries pledging to help control the production and use of CFCs. In the United States, the Federal Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 addressed the issue of ozone depletion. With these efforts such as there other organizations worldwide, we will be seeing that ozone depleting products will no longer be manufactured. Refrigerants from motor vehicles and air conditioners have been recycled since 1992. Individual countries are working with manufacturers to discontinue use of these pollutants.

Ozone pollution is really an increase in the concentration of ozone in the air at ground level. The greatest concern about ozone pollution is the potential damage it may inflict on human health. High concentrations of ozone are especially hazardous to children, the elderly, and people with respiratory problems. Each year food crops are damaged by ozone. Chemists claim that ozone damages rubber, nylon, plastics, dyes, and paints.

Because sunlight has a critical...

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