Term paper on Switzerland

Switzerland Essays

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The majority of Switzerland’s people live in cities and towns. Bern

is the country’s capital. Zurich is Switzerland’s largest city. Other

large Swiss cities include Basel, Geneva, and Lausanne.



Language. The Swiss Constitution provides for three official

languages and four national languages. The official languages are German,

French, and Italian. As a result, Switzerland has three official

names—Schweiz (in German), Suisse (in French), and Svizzera (in Italian). All

national laws are published in each of these three languages. The

Federal Tribunal, Switzerland’s highest court, must include judges who

represent each language group.


The four national languages are the three official ones plus

Romansh, which is closely related to Latin. Romansh is spoken only in the

mountain valleys of the canton of Graubunden, by about 1 percent of the

total Swiss population.


About 70 percent of the people speak a form of German that is called

Schwyzerdutsch (Swiss German). They live in the northern, eastern, and

central parts of Switzerland. Schwyzerdutsch is almost a separate

language, and even people who speak German find it hard to understand. The

language and its name vary from place to place. For example, it is

called Baseldutsch in Basel and Zuridutsch in Zurich. However, wherever

Schwyzerdutsch is spoken, standard German is used in newspapers, books,

television and church sermons.


French, spoken in western Switzerland, is the language of almost 20

percent of the people. Italian is used by nearly 10 percent of the

people, in the south. Both these languages, as spoken by the Swiss, are

much like their standard forms in France or Italy.


One difficulty, especially for visitors, is that many place names in

Switzerland vary by language. The most complicated example—the city

known as Geneva to English-speaking people—is called Genf in German,

Geneve in French, and Ginevra in Italian. English-speaking people know

almost all other Swiss cities and towns by their French or German name.


Religion. Switzerland has complete freedom of religion. About half

the people are Roman Catholics, and about 45 percent are Protestants.

Of the 26 cantons and half-cantons in Switzerland, 15 have a Roman

Catholic majority, and 11 are chiefly Protestant.


The Protestant Reformation took a special form in Switzerland.

Calvinism...

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