Term paper on History
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Territorial expansion is most likely one of the most important steps that America took in becoming a self-sufficient nation. During the first half of the nineteenth century America blossomed in all directions. Through this growth there were risks America took and sacrifices that it made. Manifest destiny was the catalyst to territorial expansion and did bring around problems. Sectionalism emerged within the nation but nationalism still held strong. Throughout the first half of the 19th century the idea of manifest destiny and territorial expansion is what kept America growing, but simultaneously jeopardized the unity of the nation through conflicts dealing with slavery, the Indians, and sectionalism.
The far west was the land of high mountains and vast desserts. Fur trade with Europe had now become a lucrative business and the fur traders became the pathfinders for the settlers. Migration was now possible by the discovery of paths over which ox-driven carts could be driven through seeking mountains and across the western desert. People wanted to move away from the overcrowded cities and this led to the migration into the uninhabited lands. Increased transportation like roads, railroads and canals and their construction created a demand for cheap labor making it easier for people to get jobs now, in contrast with the cities where there was unemployment.
By the 1840s, the expansionist policy, typified by the Manifest Destiny doctrine, became very strong with many sections willing to go to war to acquire more land. Slavery became a source of contention between the Northern and southern states with the control of the senate in question. The South wanted expansion to increase slave states, the North to keep the balance with free states and the West wanting expansion to increase their land. The antagonism between the North and the South sees the beginnings of sectionalism leading to the civil war later. The spirit of equality becomes a banner with which the expansionist policy was proclaimed. The idea of conflict dealing with slavery brings about one of the main problems that the nation faced while expanding its borders especially in the Texas and California direction.
It can be assumed that the northern parts of Mexico would have eventually come under the control of the United States as the Mexicans did not colonize them, there was no effective sovereignty and American settlers would have resulted in American annexation. That the annexation occurred by force that can be seen as the augmentation of an aggressive American nationalism and the Mexicans refusal to sell the land and inability to develop it.
The earliest of the northern parts of Mexico to come under the control of Americans was Texas. In 1823, Stephen Austin secured authorization from the Mexican government to colonize the area....
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