Diabetes Essay
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Diabetes is a very disabilitating disorder that afflicts about four
million people in the United States. It has been recognized as a disease
since ancient times. The Greeks gave the disorder its present name
which in Greek means "to run through" (Medical 456). In the
seventeenth century, the word mellitus "sweet" was added to distinguish
it from a totally different disease known as diabetes insipidus (Check
125).
There are many definitions for diabetes. The most common is a
non-contagious condition characterized by the body's inability to
properly convert glucose (sugar) from food into energy (Ebony 114).
This condition is produced by an insufficiency of insulin production for
the breaking down of food sugars and starches. In the normal digestive
process, carbohydrates are changed into glucose. This is stored in the
form of glycogen in the liver and muscles for later use of body fuel.
When needed, it is reconverted into glucose. Insulin is the essential
hormone for both storage and reconversion (Medical 456). But in
diabetics, there is too little insulin, a faulty chemical reaction, or a
combination of both (Ebony 115). The result is an abnormal
accumulation of sugar in the bloodstream.
There are two major kinds of diabetes. They are Type I, those who
must have insulin, and Type II, those who are not dependent on insulin
(115).
Although this disorder can develop at any age, the chance rapidly
increases after forty (Newsweek 56). Diabetes is proven to be more
common among women than men. Obesity is also a contributing factor
(Obesity 54). Any early symptom of the disorder is weight loss. The
reason being diabetics cannot obtain previously stored glycogen without
insulin so they must begin to use the fats stored in the body (Medical
458). Other symptoms include excessive thirst and hunger, frequent
urination, vision problems, and itching.
Many complications can develop with the disorder. Some include
damage to the eyes, kidneys, nerves, or heart (Newsweek 56).
Hypoglycemia can occur if there is too much insulin in the body. In this
condition, commonly referred to as insulin shock, the brain is deprived
of an essential energy source (Medical 459). One of the worst
complications is an excessive buildup of...
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