Odysseus Death And Rebirth Essay
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Throughout the Odyssey , Homer s main character, Odysseus undergoes various changes with himself and his surroundings. He partakes in many adventures that usually have a symbolic meaning to them. In book IX, X, and XI of the Odyssey, Odysseus experiences a symbolic death and rebirth. There are other scenes in this poem, which also contribute to this theme. The reoccurring motif is used by Homer to show the growth and maturation of Odysseus within the poem.
Odysseus journeys far and wide to be able to see his beautiful wife and son again. He has lost touch with his homeland and has not seen his home, friends, or family in ten years. His entire journey is symbolic of death and rebirth. First, Homer depicts this motif through Telemakhos, Odysseus son. In the first book of the poem, Athena addresses Telemahkos in disguise. By speaking to him, the reader is shown that Telemakhos feels symbolically dead inside. Speaking of the suitors, he says Meanwhile they eat their way through all we have, and when they will, they can demolish me (I, 289-90). He feels lost and dead inside without any knowledge of his father, but is reborn through obtaining that knowledge. Athena convinces Telemahkos to gather himself together and take on Odysseus role. Telemahkos is truly reborn by being reunited with him father at the end of the poem.
Odysseus also undergoes the cycle of death and rebirth. With every adventure, Odysseus encounters some form of this motif. In Book IX, Odysseus encounters the great and barbaric Kyklopes, Polyphemos. Odysseus and his men are captured by this brute and enslaved in his cave. The darkness of the cave, along with the cannibalism of Polyphemos, is symbolic of death. To further emphasize this motif, Odysseus clevely tricks the kyklopes into calling him Nohbdy. When mortals died and went into the underground, they became nobody at all. By Polyphemos calling Odysseus that, it enhances the idea of death. When Odysseus saves himself and the men that survived, he is once again reborn into the light of day. He has completed the rebirth process when he identifies himself as Odysseus.
Another instance where Odysseus adventures lead him on a cycle of death and rebirth is in book X. Odysseus crew opens the bag from Aiolos which releases a great storm. The torment and tragic incident symbolizes once again their death. It brings them to the island of Aiaia, which the land of Kirke. Here, so saddened by the last adventure and lost on an unfamiliar land, the Ahkaian s weep, symbolic of mourning the death of their companions, and the loss of themselves. They were all silent, but their hearts contracted, remembering Antiphates the Laistrygon, and the prodigious cannibal, the Kyklops. They cried out, and the salt tears wet their eyes (X, 210-13). Odysseus further leads his men into her hall where through magic, they lose sight of ever reaching their homeland. Drunk by her special magic, Kirke kills the humanity in Odysseus men and turns them into swines. Like in all of the other adventures, this not just death, but a rebirth as well. Odysseus overcomes her magic and convinces Kirke to release his men from this spell. By sleeping together, committing the act of forming new...
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