Europe After Stalin Term paper

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BOOK REVIEW

Europe After Stalin: Eisenhower s Three Decisions of March 11, 1953, W.W. Rostow,

University of Texas Press (Austin), 1982.

The death of Josef Stalin in 1953 had a dramatic impact on international affairs. With his death came a number of possibilities for peace in Europe and the reunification of Germany. This book examines Cold War policy and the position that President Dwight Eisenhower took on the issue of Stalin s death. It is the third book in a series entitled Ideas and Actions written about events in European affairs dating from 1944 to 1953. The author s thesis argues that with the death of Stalin, President Eisenhower had an outside opportunity to ease the Cold War with the Soviet Union, help in the reunification of Germany, and put an honorable end to the war being fought in Korea by the United States.

At the time of publication, W. W. Rostow was the Rex G. Baker Jr. Professor of Political Economy at the University of Texas at Austin. Rostow was also called Walt Whitman, hence the two W s. Rostow uses a wide variety of sources. Many of his sources are primary sources such as presidential speeches, official CIA letters and memorandums to various government departments. The primary sources were used to give a first hand account of what politicians were actually doing at the time of Stalin s death. The information was used to get a better understanding of the policies that were enacted and the opportunities Eisenhower and his administration had with the death of Stalin. Secondary sources were also implemented in the writing of this book. Rostow uses a good selection of books written on United States foreign policy, communism, the rise of Stalin and dynamics of Soviet society. The appendixes in the back of the book give very good primary source information to better inform the reader of the many occurring situations.

Four main points discussed in the book back Rostow s thesis. The first is that although Georgi Malenkov, who at the time was Secretariat of the Communist Party and in line to become Stalin s successor, was receptive to American overtures, opportunities were lost as a result of the hard anti-Communist attitude taken by Secretary of State John Foster Dulles. Had Dulles not been so anti-Communist, it might have been possible for the Soviets and Americans to work out their differences on subjects such as reunifying Germany and a general foreign policy compromise. The second main point is the pressure exhibited by the Republican Party. This coincides with the fear of spreading communism as displayed by Senator Joe McCarthy and his growing political power with the Congressional Communist Hearings.

Rostow s third point argues that President Eisenhower had a lack of self-confidence in leading an early summit conference between April and May 1953. Had President Eisenhower taken a firmer stand on policies regarding reunifying Germany and breaking down the barriers of the Cold War, opportunities could have been made and solutions might have been implemented. The fourth point was...

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