The Political Enviroment Essay

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PART 1: SUMMARY/SYNTHESIS: The term public good means, what is best for society, even if it means personal sacrifice. In class we talked about the picture of the two kids and how it showed public good. We talked about things they needed and who should provide it such as an education provided by the government. There are two competing visions

of public good. The two visions are the Madisonian Ideal and the Individual Interest Model. The Madisonian Ideal stresses res publica" meaning the commonwealth or good of the public at large. Another key point in this vision is putting the good of the nation above your own personal good which is know as civic virtue. I also learned the word Weltanschauung and its meaning. Weltanschauung is a German word for 'world view'. A product of our worldview is our personal ideology.

Ideology is a set of beliefs held 'by a significant number

of people, it provides a description and a prescription for society. Some things that have an effect on our Weltanschauung include: our family, where we live, the

news, and even when we were born. We learned there are

some differences between Liberals and Conservatives also. Liberals, which include Democrats, are advocates of a gradual change in the social structure. Conservatives, including Republicans, oppose major changes in the

political social, and economic institutions of society. In my life so far my political views have been shaped by what my-friends and family say, teachers, and probably most influential has been the media. Political Parties seek control of the government to bring about new or redefined public policies and programs. Interest groups pressure the political parties to act on the policy they stand for. Personally the only types of media I get my news from are newspapers and an occasional news program on TV I don't spend enough time(only about 1-2 hours a week) checking up on the news and I'd like to read more national magazines. I think James Rosenau painted an accurate picture of society in his little model. He said only about one percent was uninformed and the remaining percent was somewhere in between. Public opinion polls are like

surveys taken to see what the American people know and what they want their government to do. One way I could become better informed about the government would be to pay more attention to the news and read a daily newspaper or political magazine.

PART 2: READING APPLICATION: Chapter five discuses the different political parties. Section 1 talks about the parties and what they do. On page 99 I learned the definition of a political party is, a group of persons who seek to control the government through the winning of elections and the holding of public office. This is a broad definition and it will fit any political party. I learned there are two major parties in the U.S. They were in the book and we also learned in class that they are the Democrat and Republican parties. A coalition is defined on page 100 as being a union of many persons of

diverse interests who have come together to get their candidates elected. Political Parties have several functions. The nominating function, the informer-stimulator function, the "seal of approval' function, the governmental function, and the watchdog function are all functions of political parties. Section 2 describes the two-party system. Because we have a two-party system only the two major parties and no minor parties actually have a chance of being elected. There are several reasons to have a two- party system. The reasons include the historical bias, the force of tradition, the electoral system, and the American Ideological Consensus. On page 103 I learned that nearly all the elections held in this country are single-member district elections. Some people believe that the United States system should get rid of the two party system and opt for a multiparty arrangement. Another alternative would be a one-party system like the system used by nearly all dictatorships. Section 3 talks about the history of the two-party system in America. The two party system can be traced back to the battle over the ratification of the constitution. In history certain parties dominated over certain periods. The Era of the Democrats went from 1800- 1860. The Era of the Republicans lasted form 1860-1932. The Return of the Democrats as the dominating party was from 1932-1968. The Start of a New Era goes from 1968 to present. Section 4 discusses the minor parties, which we also talked about in class. There are four types of minor parties including: ideological parties, single-issue parties, economic...

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