Managerial Ethics Essay
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MANAGERIAL ETHICS
Introduction
The word ethics is derived from the Greek work ethos, which refers to
the character and sentiment of the community, and standards of behavior.
Ethical means conforming to the standards of a given profession or group. Any
group can set its own ethical standards and then live by them or not. Ethical
standards, whether they are established by an individual, a corporation, a
profession, or a nation, help to guide a person s decisions and actions. The
commonly accepted definition of ethics is rules or standards that govern
behavior. Managerial decision making is the type of behavior that managers
are paid to do. They must make choices among alternatives and these may
vary in terms of their perceived ethicality.
The argument might be that ethics and morality ought to be kept as an
exclusive part of religious and educational organizations. When morality
intrudes on the business organization, it has a potential of diverting from the
organization s main objective, to make money, and as a result lead to deprive
stockholders returns. But there is an increased realization that managers
needs to be more responsible, not just to their stockholders but also to their
other stakeholders - consumers, employees, suppliers, the government, and
local communities. There is a need for ethics to be a part of management. We
see business leaders taking bribes, being dishonest, biased toward age,
gender, race, and ethnicity, and committing sexual harassment. There is a
lack of moral integrity among business leaders and professionals.
Many unethical acts also overlap with the law. One of those unethical
act by American executives is bribery. Bribery is used to turn power to the
advantage of the person offering. Before the passage of the Foreign Corrupt
Practices Act of 1977, it was estimated that approximately 400 American
companies paid millions of dollars in bribes for business favors. This act
makes it illegal for companies to exchanging money or material goods for
something in return. It is also affects ordinary citizens, because it raises the
cost of goods sold. Despite the regulations against bribery, many parts of the
business world consider it to be a normal practice. Exxon the well known oil
corporation engaged in a bribe when the corporation paid $59 million to Italian
politicians to further achieve business goals in Italy.
Honesty, is anyone trully honest any more? Honesty is being truthful,
regardless, but to some it can vary with the individual and the situation. It can
have a great impact on business, customers, and staff. It is an important part
of the product and service. Honesty can set good leaders apart from others.
President Clinton can be used as an example. He was dishonest with America
when telling us about the Lewinsky fiasco; lying under oath. What does this do
to his character? How is he now perceived by others. His dishonesty could
lead people to believe he as not been honest with other statements. A survey
by U.S. News and World Report on honesty, reported that eithty eight percent
of secretaries have told lies on behalf of their supervisors. In another survey of
2000, nearly one quarter watched bosses fake expense reports, one fifth seen
information destroyed, and one third seen doctored time sheets. These people
said they would not reveal their supervisor, to a higher authority, after all they
have a part in determining their success in the company. No, not everyone is
honest, but in the long run, honesty is the best policy. Dishonesty can come
back to haunt you. Managers with honest reputations can reap the benefits
with staff, and customers. Whether a president or a supervisor, honesty is
best, and you can face yourself each morning knowing you did what was right.
A nationwide survey of business ethics was conducted in 1997. It
included 218 public administrators. Seventy percent of them believed that their
organization was highly ethical, and sixty one percent said that ethics was a
part of their day-to-day decision making. Public administration has more ethics
resources than any other industry; fifty two percent of them had ethics training.
Yet they had the highest incidents of ethical problems. Fifty two percent knew
of ethical violations. Fewer than thirty one said they feel comfortable reporting
misconduct. One third said the organization may sometime breach the laws.
Some of the most common incidents were sexual harassment, lying on reports
and lying to supervisors, and discrimination....
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