Essay on Child Abuse 2
Child Abuse 2 Term Papers
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Child Abuse
Introduction
Child abuse is the intentional act that result in physical or emotional harm to children. It
covers a wide range of behavior, from actual physical assault by parents or adult caretakers, to
neglect of a child s basic needs. There are several different types: physical, sexual, and emotional
abuse and physical or emotional neglect and children experience more than one form.
The extent of child abuse is difficult to measure and is recognized as a major growing social
problem, especially in industrialized nations. There is no single explanation for child
maltreatment. The effects on a child endures are astronomical. They could last a lifetime
and be passed to the next generation of children.
Types
There are several different types of child abuse, and some children experience more than one
form. Physical abuse includes deliberate acts of violence that injure or even kill a child.
Unexplained bruises, broken bones, or burn marks on a child may be signs of physical abuse.
Sexual abuse occurs when adults use children for sexual gratification or expose them to sexual
activities. Sexual abuse may begin with kissing or fondling and progress to more intrusive sexual
acts, such as oral sex and vaginal or anal penetration. Emotional abuse destroys a child s self-
esteem. Such abuse commonly includes repeated verbal abuse of a child in the form of shouting,
threats, and degrading or humiliating criticism. Other types of emotional abuse are confinement,
such as shutting a child in a dark closet, and social isolation, such as denying a child friends.
The most common form of child abuse is neglect. Physical neglect involves a parent s failure
to provide adequate food, clothing, shelter, or medical care to a child. It may also include
inadequate supervision and a consistent failure to protect a child from hazards or danger. Emotional
neglect occurs when a parent or caretaker fails to meet a child s basic needs for affection and
comfort. Examples of emotional neglect include behaving in a cold, distant, and unaffectionate way
toward a child, allowing a child to witness chronic or severe spousal abuse, allowing a child to use
alcohol or drugs, and encouraging a child to engage in delinquent behavior. Another form of neglect
involves failing to meet a child s basic education needs, either by failing to enroll a child in school
or by permitting a child to skip school frequently.
Causes
Many people have difficulty understanding why any person would hurt a child. The public
often assumes that people who abuse their children suffer from mental illness, but fewer than 10
percent of abusers have mental illnesses. Most abusers love their children but tend to have less
patience and less mature personalities than other parents. These traits make it difficult to cope with
the demands of their children and increase the likelihood of physical or emotional abuse.
However, there is no single explanation for child maltreatment. Child abuse results from a
complex combination of personal, social, and cultural factors. These may be grouped into four
primary categories: (1) intergenerational transmission of violence, (2) social stress, (3) social
isolation and low community involvement, and (4) family structure.
Intergenerational Transmission of Violence
Many children learn violent behavior from their parents and then grow up to abuse their own
children. Thus, the abusive behavior is transmitted across generations. Studies show that some 30
percent of abused children become abusive parents, whereas only 2 to 3 percent of all individuals
become abusive parents. Children who experience abuse and violence may adopt this behavior as
a model for their own parenting.
However, the majority of abused children do not become abusive adults. Some experts
believe that an important predictor of later abuse is whether the child realizes that the behavior was
wrong. Children who believe they behaved badly and deserved the abuse become abusive parents
more often than children who believe their parents were wrong to abuse them.
Social Stress
Stress brought on by a variety of social conditions raises the risk of child abuse within a
family. These conditions include unemployment , illness,...
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