Alzheimer S Question Answer Sheet Term paper

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Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Assoc. Inc.

70 E. Lake Street, Suite 600

Chicago, Illinois 60601

What is Alzheimer's Disease?

The most common form of dementing illness, Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is

a progressive, degenerative disease that attacks the brain, causing

impaired memory, thinking and behavior. The person with AD may experience

confusion, personality and behavior changes, impaired judgment, and

difficulty finding words, finishing thoughts or following directions. It

eventually leaves its victims incapable of caring for themselves.

What happens to the brain in Alzheimer's Disease?

The nerve cells in the part of the brain that controls memory, thinking,

are damaged, interrupting the passage of messages between cells. The cells

develop distinctive changes that are called neuritic plaques (clusters of

degenerating nerve cell ends) and neurofibrillary tangles (masses of

twisted filaments which accumulate in previously health nerve cells).

The cortex (thinking center) of the brain shrinks (atrophies), The spaces

in the center of the brain become enlarged, also reducing surface area

in the brain.

What are the symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease?

Alzheimer's Disease is a dementing illness which leads to loss of

intellectual capacity. Symptoms usually occur in older adults (although

people in their 40s and 5Os may also be affected) and include loss of

language skills -- such as trouble finding words, problems with abstract

thinking, poor or decreased judgment, disorientation in place and time,

changes in mood or behavior and changes in personality. The overall result

is a noticeable decline in personal activities or work performance.

Who is affected by Alzheimer's Disease?

Alzheimer's Disease knows no social or economic boundaries and affects men

and women almost equally. The disease strikes older persons more

frequently, affecting approximately 10% of Americans over age 65 and 47% of

those over age 85.

What causes Alzheimer's Disease?

The cause of Alzheimer's Disease is not known. Researchers are

investigating suspected causes such as neurological damage, chemical

deficiencies, viruses, genetic abnormalities, environmental toxins and

malfunctions in the body's disease defense systems.

Is Alzheimer's Disease hereditary?

There is a slightly increased risk that children, brothers, and sisters

of patients with Alzheimer's Disease will get it, but most cases are the

only ones in a family. Some patients who develop the disease in middle age

(called early onset) have a "familial" type -- more than one case in the

family. It is important to note that AD can only be definitively

diagnosed after death through autopsy of brain tissue. Thirty

percent of autopsies turn up a different diagnosis. Families are

encouraged to ask for an autopsy as a contribution to learning more

about the genetics of AD.

Are there treatments available for Alzheimer's Disease?

Presently, there is no definite cure or treatment for Alzheimer's

Disease. Unfortunately, there are many unscrupulous individuals who

market so-called "cures." These treatments are often expensive and they

don't cure AD. However, since senility is such a scary problem...

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