Global Oil Crisis Term paper

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When I was a child, recycling was only important at school. My teachers would

always tell me that recycling was good for the earth. But, I didn't really show any concern, because

my parents never really mentioned recycling until I got older. I started recycling aluminum cans,

because I found out that companies paid money for recycled cans. The first time I took my cans to

be recycled I got forty dollars, so naturally it became a regular hobby of mine. Not only did the

money impress me, but also the actual facts about recycling are what really got my attention. I

think that recycling is very important in keeping the world healthy, because it reduces pollutants,

conserves energy, avoids the cost of disposing waste in landfills or solid waste incinerators and

saves time in the procedure of creating new materials.

"North America makes up only 8% of the world's population, but causes 1/3 of the world's

resources and generates half of the world's non-organic garbage" (Recycling 1). However, the

United States has always been an active country on keeping the rates of recycling high and

growing. When many people elaborate on the purpose of recycling, the main topic is the concern

of pollution. There is no question that pollution is a major factor of the distribution of recycling,

but there are a variety of issues that relate to recycling. Many of these factors, including reducing

pollution, are conserving energy, avoiding the cost of disposing waste in landfills or solid waste

incinerators, and saving time.

In the process of manufacturing and remanufacturing materials, creating jobs, and

building more competitive manufacturing industries. All of these contributing factors relate solely

to the environment. The essential activities of recycling waste are collecting, processing, and

transporting the processed materials to the manufacturers and remanufactures. In the complete

cycle of recycling, material is bunched together by recyclers, curbside programs and recycling

centers, and then transported to a materials recovery facility (MRF). Secondly, the manufacturers

begin reprocessing; this permits used material to be remade into new material. The final process of

recycling is buying the recycled made products and continuing the process over. This allows less

air and water pollutants to be released and less solid waste, than using virgin raw materials1 in

manufacturing which increases the release of pollutants and solid waste. Also, the pollutant

releases in recycling are lower than the releases from landfilling and incineration pollutants.

"Since this is primarily related to pollution it also connects to the other factors of recycling. Less

energy is used to produce material when you already have recycled material" (Advantage 5-6).

The cost of recycling is almost diluted because your avoiding disposal fees. Instead of paying for

the disposal fees, new techniques can be afforded to make curbside programs more efficient

throughout the country.

FACTS ABOUT POLLUTION BY DEBI KIMBALL:

-Manufacturing recycled paper reduces water pollution by 35 percent.

-Manufacturing recycled paper reduces air pollution by 74 percent.

-Manufacturing recycled paper uses 58 percent less water.

-Recycling steel and iron reduces air pollution by 86 percent.

As I mentioned earlier, recycling conserves energy. When recycling is rendered, the

amount of energy needed in the manufacturing company is reduced because the material is already

made and there is no use for raw material. "Recycled material such as newspaper, metal, glass and

plastic containers gives a reduction of 18.3 million Btus2 per ton instead of virgin material" (Lund

B.4). One and one half million Btus of energy is used to accumulate the same ton of materials

being recycled at the curb, sorted at the processing facility, and transported to the manufacturer.

"So actually the net reduction in energy due to recycling is an estimated 16.8 million Btus"

(Advantage 5). Another factor related to the energy source is electricity. The form of electricity is

used to manufacture virgin aluminum and newsprint. The process of producing aluminum is

primarily through smelting and refining for virgin product, and is displaced by more efficient

secondary processes causing the use of more manufacturing energy. In the case of newsprint, the

wood fibers from logs are torn by mechanical grinders and replaced by more energy-efficient

deinking plants. The amount of energy saved by collecting curbside garbage is roughly five times

greater than the landfill disposal fees that recycling avoids. When any type of machinery is used to

format material, electricity is somehow being accounted for unless the operant is operated by

battery and still energy is being used.

FACTS ABOUT SAVING ENERGY BY DEBI KIMBALL:

-Recycling one aluminum can saves the equivalent of enough energy to run a television set for three hours.

-Recycling one aluminum can saves enough energy to make nineteen more.

-Recycling steel cans saves 74 percent of the energy that would be used to produce them from virgin materials.

-Every glass bottle that is recycled can save enough energy to light a 100-watt bulb for four hours.

-Manufacturing recycled paper uses up to 64 percent less energy than manufacturing virgin paper.

Personally, I think it is ridiculous to have to pay for your garbage to get picked up and

taken away to waste disposal facilities. The cost that I'm concerned with are those of solid waste

management, those are services that the community has to pay for on a local degree. Fees for

disposal landfills, waste transfer stations and incinerators range from $10.00 to $120.00 and

$20.00 per ton throughout the country. The highest costs are in the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic and

the West Coast. If there are a continuous number of people not recycling, more of these solid

waste management incinerators will have to be built and more money will have to be paid out of

the people pockets.

FACTS ABOUT THE MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITIES AND COST BY DEBI KIMBALL:

-Plastics comprise approximately 8 percent of the weight and 19.9 percent of volume in U.S. landfills.

-At current landfill tipping fee rates, recycled steel saves the United States over $2 billion per year in solid waste disposal...

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