Raymond Collishaw Term paper
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Raymond Collishaw Raymond Collishaw was born in Nanaimo, BC on November 22, 1893. He dropped out of grade 8 at age 15 and his father got him a job at Canadian Fisheries Protection Services in 1908. He worked his way up from cabin boy to first officer in just seven years. In January 1916, he joined the Royal Naval Air Service as a probationary Flight Sub-Lieutenant. With his strong effort to World War I, he came to command the famous "Black Flight," he was the highest scoring ace to fly the Sopwith Triplane. When the war had ended he remained in the Royal Air Force, rising to the rank of Air Vice Marshal. He has also achieved many ranks of honor, the Distinguished Service Cross (DSC), Distinguished Service Order (DSO), and Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC). When World War I came around Ray Collishaw tried to enlist in the Royal Canadian Navy, however, he never got a reply. He than heard that the Royal Naval Air Service was hiring, he decided to apply for them. He was enrolled as a Probationary Flight Sub-Lieutenant and would become a full one upon completing a flying course. In January of 1916 he boarded the White star liner Adriatic for England with a group of other Canadians to fight in the war. Flying in 1916 was very dangerous; he would usually have to fly the French-made plane Caudron G.3. It was a crude aircraft that was tricky to fly because of its use of wing-warping instead of ailerons for banking. They also trained on many other aircraft s, this is because the RNAS believed that a broad based knowledge of many aircraft s would stand them in better than knowing just one. One of the biggest problems with flying was landing. The aircraft s had poor structural design when it came to landing gear; this was a fairly big cause of damaged airplanes. Another reason also was because of the poor flight instruction. Pilots were only tough how to take off, how to turn the aircraft around, and how to land. Ground instruction was mainly machine gun orientation and map reading. Everything else of use to a pilot in battle had to be learned "on the job". This is one of the reasons for such a high loss rate of WWI pilots, and is a likely reason why the aces downed so many aircrafts each. Collishaws first mission was long-distance bombing raids over Germany with Naval 3. It was the first strike on the Mauser Arms Works at Oberndroff, Germany. His duty was as a pilot in a two-seater fighter-scout as cover for bombers with 80 other aircraft s, including 1 + Strutters, French Breguet V bombers and the Nieuport. It was considered one of the largest missions of 1916. Unfortunately, due to the small fuel capacity of the Nieuports they had to turn back before they reached the target; this exposed the Breguet V bombers to German fighters. When the Naval 3 passed the Rhine river they were intercepted by Albatros DIIs of the grasshopper Jasta. Collishaw and his gunner shot down a future ace, Ludwig Hanstein. His gunner penetrated Hanstein engine Collishaw followed him down firing at him with his forward Vickers. This was Collishaw s first victory but the mission was a failure. The early winter stopped all operations until January 1917. On one of Collishaw s alleged easy flights where he was ferrying a Sopwith 1 + Strutter to their new base at Ochey without a rear gunner, he inadvertently strayed over the front and was jumped by six Albatros DIIs. His first hint he had of their presence was tracer bullets slamming into his instrument panel, another one hitting his goggles partially blinding him with glass. In desperate hope he dove down into the trees, one Albatros followed his tracks and smashed into the ground. Another cut right in front planting himself as an easy target, Collishaw sent him plummeting into the ground. He was now going home with a broken instrument and nearly blinded. He glided his way home in the sun, and gratefully landed on a field. Men came running to his assistance. He was glad to be safe. That is until he saw the Fockers lined up on the field. He had come to land in a German base. He gunned the engine and quickly took off. Several miles down he landed at a French airfield near Verdun. The French were so impressed with his feat they awarded him with the Croix de Guerre award and the British posted him to an all fighter squadron. Unfortunately, February 1917 the Allied squadrons on the Western front were pulverized during the Arras offensive. Several Naval squadrons were sent over to lend a hand. However, numerous amounts of times Collishaw found himself alone just as the Albatroses showed up, the rest of the RNAS pilots skipping out with "engine trouble". He flew the Sopwith Pup, a single-gun, under powered aircraft that was easy to fly and very maneuverable. In March 1917 Collishaw was to...
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